Heartburn & Acid Reflux: When It's More Than Indigestion

That burning feeling in your chest after a big meal is something most of us know well. Occasional heartburn is common and usually harmless but frequent acid reflux can be a sign of something that needs attention. Here's how to tell the difference.

Heartburn happens when stomach acid travels back up into your food pipe (oesophagus), causing a burning sensation. Common triggers include rich or spicy food, large meals, alcohol, smoking, stress, and lying down soon after eating. Being overweight or pregnant can also make it more likely.

• Eat smaller, more frequent meals
• Avoid eating within three hours of bedtime
• Cut back on trigger foods, alcohol and caffeine
• Raise the head of your bed slightly
• Stop smoking and maintain a healthy weight

Over-the-counter antacids and similar remedies can offer fast relief your pharmacist can recommend the right one for you.

See a healthcare professional promptly if you have heartburn most days for three weeks or more, difficulty or pain when swallowing, unexplained weight loss, or you're bringing up food. If you ever feel chest pain alongside breathlessness, sweating or pain spreading to your arm or jaw, call 999 this could be a heart problem, not reflux.

What is the difference between indigestion and heartburn? - Indigestion is a general term for discomfort after eating; heartburn is the specific burning sensation caused by acid reflux.

How long is safe to take antacids? - They're fine for occasional use, but if you need them most days, speak to your pharmacist or GP.

Can acid reflux be serious? - Frequent reflux can irritate the oesophagus over time, so persistent symptoms should always be checked.